1 Specifically, states could regulate abortion before viability (approximately 24 weeks gestation) so long as the regulation in question did not place an “undue burden…in the path of a woman seeking an abortion.” 1, 2 1 The US Supreme Court ruled to protect the essence of Roe, that is, uphold the individual right to abortion, but to allow a number of state restrictions. Casey asked the US Supreme Court to decide the constitutionality of state restrictions on abortion throughout pregnancy, including in the first trimester. This landmark decision prohibited states from banning abortion prior the third trimester of pregnancy after this point, the state could regulate or prohibit abortions except where care was needed “for the preservation of the life or health of the mother.” 1 In 1992, Planned Parenthood v. The Supreme Court of the United States (US) first recognized the constitutional right to abortion in the 1973 case Roe v.
Ohio's proposed abortion bans would substantially increase travel distances to abortion care, impacting over 2.2 million reproductive-aged Ohioans. The current average population-weighted driving distance from county centroid to the nearest facility is 26 miles the post- Roe scenarios would increase this to 157 miles (best-case) or 269 miles (worst-case). The worst-case shows 85 counties to be 191–339 miles away from the nearest facility (median = 264). The best-case post- Roe scenario shows 62 of Ohio's 88 counties to be 115–279 miles away from the nearest facility (median = 146). In February 2022, all Ohio county centroids were at most 99 miles from an abortion facility (median = 50 miles). We calculated population-weighted distances using county-level data about women aged 15–44 years from the 2019 American Community Survey. We calculated distances from each Ohio county centroid to the nearest open abortion facility in three scenarios: (1) as of February 2022, (2) the best-case post- Roe scenario (two of the five surrounding states continue to offer abortion care), and (3) worst-case post- Roe scenario (no surrounding states continue to offer abortion care).
Using a legal analysis of abortion laws following the overturn of Roe, we determined which states surrounding Ohio would continue providing abortion care. We used a national database of publicly advertised abortion facilities to calculate driving distances for Ohioans before and after the activation of proposed abortion bans. Wade decision that legalized abortion nationally in 1973. Since March 2021, the Ohio legislature has been actively considering laws that would ban abortion if the United States Supreme Court overturns the Roe v.
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